Definition
In a supply chain, a vendor, or a seller, is an enterprise that contributes goods or services. Generally, a supply chain vendor manufactures inventory/stock items and sells them to the next link in the chain. Today, these terms refer to a supplier of any good or service.
Vendor
What is a ‘Vendor’
A vendor is a party in the supply chain that makes goods and services available to companies or consumers. The term “vendor” is typically used to describe the entity that is paid for goods that are provided, rather than the manufacturer of the goods itself. It is possible, however, for a vendor to sometimes operate as both a supplier (or seller) of goods and a manufacturer.
Explaining ‘Vendor’
A vendor, also known as a supplier, is a person or a business entity that sells something. Large retail stores such as Target, for example, generally have a list of vendors from which they purchase goods at wholesale that they sell at retail to their customers. Vendors can also sell directly to the customer, as seen with street vendors and food trucks. In addition, a vendor can act as a business-to-business (B2B) sales organization that provides parts for another business to make an end product.
Vendors as Part of the Supply Chain
A supply chain is the summation of all individuals, organizations, resources, activities and technologies used in the manufacturing and selling of a good or service. The supply chain starts with the production and delivery of raw source material, and it ends with the sale and delivery of the end product. Vendors are found all throughout the supply chain. For example, a manufacturer that turns raw material into a finished good is a vendor to wholesalers and retailers that sell the product to a consumer. In turn, retailers are a vendor for the end customer. For example, Target is a vendor for a person looking for home appliances. A vendor, therefore, is a general term used to describe any supplier of a good or service.
An Example of Vendors
Large corporate events are good examples of times when vendors are needed. If, for example, the human resources department of a large company plan a holiday party for its employees, it seeks to hire outside vendors to supply the event. First, the department has to choose a location, and the owner of the event space itself becomes a vendor when the date is reserved and the contract signed.
Further Reading
- Operational decisions, capital structure, and managerial compensation: A news vendor perspective – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
- Vendor–buyer inventory models with trade credit financing under both non-cooperative and integrated environments – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
- The impact of switching costs on vendor financing – www.sciencedirect.com [PDF]
- Enterprise risk management: a DEA VaR approach in vendor selection – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
- Business e-books: what can be learned from vendor supplied statistics? – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
- Coordination Mechanism Designing for Vendor Managed Inventory under Asymmetric Information [J] – en.cnki.com.cn [PDF]
- Analyzing the Impacts of Vendor Management Inventory on Market Competition [J] – en.cnki.com.cn [PDF]
- A simple integrated production policy of an imperfect item for vendor and buyer – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
- A system dynamic model of vendor managed inventory and third party logistics – en.cnki.com.cn [PDF]
- An integrated single-vendor single-buyer inventory system with shortage derived algebraically – www.tandfonline.com [PDF]
