Laddering
Definition Laddering is an investment technique that requires investors to purchase multiple financial products with different maturity dates. Laddering What is 'Laddering' The promotion of inflated pre-IPO prices for the sake of obtaining a greater allotment of the offering. Laddering is an illegal IPO practice in which the underwriter engages in the sale of IPO shares to clients with the implicit agreement that...
Ladder Option
What is 'Ladder Option' An option that locks-in gains once the underlying reaches predetermined price levels or "rungs," guaranteeing some profit even if the underlying security falls back below these levels before the option expires. Explaining 'Ladder Option' For example, consider a ladder call option with an underlying price of 50, with a strike...
Hanover Stock Exchange (HAN) .HA
What is 'Hanover Stock Exchange (HAN) .HA' Formerly located in Hanover, Germany, this stock exchange is now defunct. Explaining 'Hanover Stock Exchange (HAN) .HA' The HAN merged with the Hamburg Stock Exchange in 1999 to form the BOAG Borsen AG. This new entity has been overshadowed by the Frankfurt Exchange. Hanover Stock...
Nationalization
DefinitionNationalization is the process of transforming private assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state. Nationalization usually refers to private assets or assets owned by lower levels of government, such as municipalities, being transferred to the state. The opposites of nationalization are privatization and demutualization. When previously nationalized assets are...
Easement In Gross
What does 'Easement In Gross' mean An easement in gross is an easement that attaches a particular right to an individual or entity rather than to the property itself. The easement in gross is often considered irrevocable for the life of the individual, but it can be rendered void if the individual sells the property upon which the easement request...
Economic Indicator
What is an 'Economic Indicator' An economic indicator is a piece of economic data, usually of macroeconomic scale, that is used by analysts to interpret current or future investment possibilities or to judge the overall health of an economy. Economic indicators can be anything the investor chooses, but specific pieces of data released by government and non-profit...
Earnings Surprise
DefinitionAn earnings surprise, or unexpected earnings, in accounting, is the difference between the reported earnings and the expected earnings of an entity. Measures of a firm's expected earnings, in turn, include analysts' forecasts of the firm's profit and mathematical models of expected earnings based on the earnings of previous accounting periods. Earnings Surprise What is an 'Earnings Surprise'...
Economic Growth And Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA)
What is 'Economic Growth And Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 - EGTRRA' A U.S. tax law, effective for tax years beginning 2002, that made some of the most important changes to retirement plans, including increased contributions and deductibility limits for IRA and employer-sponsored plans, and expanded the portability rules for retirement plans in general. EGTRRA also...
Earnings Yield
DefinitionEarnings yield is the quotient of earnings per share divided by the share price. It is the reciprocal of the P/E ratio. Earnings Yield What is 'Earnings Yield' Earnings yield are the earnings per share for the most recent 12-month period divided by the current market price per share. The earnings yield (which is the inverse of...
eCash
DefinitionEcash was conceived by David Chaum as an anonymous cryptographic electronic money or electronic cash system in 1983. It was realized through his corporation Digicash and used as micropayment system at one US bank from 1995 to 1998. eCash What is 'eCash' An Internet-based system that allows funds to be transferred anonymously. Similar to credit cards, eCash...